Good afternoon. I recently returned to State government (started last Monday) after briefly working for the State of Ohio about 8 years ago. I am starting to educate myself on retirement options that Ohio offers for public employees. When I left state employment 8 years ago all balances were transferred out and closed. So I am essentially starting from scratch again.
Ohio Public Employees Retirement System (OPERS) offers two retirement options for new employees: traditional pension and member-directed. Additionally, there is an optional Deferred Compensation program (457(b)).
I am looking for some advice on which path to take and how to adjust our current portfolio to include both of these new benefits while maintaining our desired asset allocation. To help facilitate input, I have included a current snapshot of our portfolio and a summary of OPERS and Deferred Comp options below. This post is will fairly long as a result but I wanted to be thorough and provide enough detail to help make educated decisions.
CURRENT PORTFOLIO:
Emergency funds: 1/3 of emergency fund is in SoFi savings account (currently paying 4.5% interest). Remaining 2/3 of emergency fund is in a three rung T Bill ladder housed in our Fidelity joint brokerage account.
Debt: Mortgage debt of $434,405.49 with 4.875% Rate on 30-year fixed. (Paying an additional $658/month towards the principal.)
Tax Filing Status: Married Filing Jointly
Tax Rate: 24% Federal, 3.990% State
State of Residence: Ohio
Age: me, 39. My wife, 40.
Desired Asset Allocation: 90% stocks / 10% bonds
Desired International allocation: 18.0% of stocks
Total portfolio: $401,708.85 that includes current investments. This figure does not include emergency fund composed of cash ($20k) + T-Bill ladder ($40k), Ohio 529 for two children ($29,471.27), cash held in LLC checking account (an estimated $20,204.12 earmarked for 2024 Solo 401(k) deferral), earmarked T-bill for 2025 HSA/IRA contributions ($25k), and any extra cash not specifically allocated in savings ($10,695.12), checking($10,701.85), or brokerage sweep accounts ($1,096.83).
Current retirement Assets
-Fidelity ROTH IRA for myself: $70,715.91 in Fidelity ZERO International Index Fund, ER 0% (17.6%).
-Fidelity TIRA for myself: $0, 0%. Used for backdoor ROTH.
-Fidelity Self-Employed 401(k) for my company (single member LLC): $20,657.04 in Fidelity Total Market Index Fund, ER .015% (5.14%).
-Fidelity ROTH IRA for my wife: $22,739.60 in Fidelity ZERO International Index Fund, ER 0% (5.66%).
-Fidelity TIRA for my wife: $0, 0%. Used for backdoor ROTH.
-Wife's previous employer 401(k) held at Fidelity: $137,928.09 in BlackRock Equity Index Fund J Class, ER 0.01% (34.34%) and $9,332.89 in Fidelity U.S. Bond Index Fund, ER 0.025% (2%). (Note: there are no fees with keeping this 401(k) at Fidelity which is why we have elected to keep it there rather than roll it over into a current employer 401(k).)
-Wife's current employer 401(k) held at The Standard: $79,722.05 in iShares MSCI EAFE International Index Fund Institutional Shares (MAIIX), ER 0.09% + 0.41% The Standard AUM Fee (20.0%) and $32,205.52 in Fidelity U.S. Bond Index Fund (FXNAX), ER 0.025% + 0.41% The Standard AUM Fee (8.02%)
-Fidelity HSA: $13,612.6 in Fidelity ZERO® Total Market Index Fund, ER 0.00% (3.39%). $10,000 in cash in Fidelity Government Cash Reserves; not factored as a percentage in investment allocation.
-Vanguard Brokerage Taxable Account: $14,795.15 in Vanguard Large Cap Index Admiral Shares, ER 0.05% (3.68%). This fund was chosen to accommodate TLH should the need arise in the future.
-Ohio 529: Two accounts which total $29,471.27 invested in an two Vanguard Ohio Target Date Funds. Kids are ages 9 and 7. These funds are not factored as a percentage in investment allocation.
Annual Contributions
$23,000 per year towards my wife's 401k (100% of deferrals up to 3% of compensation and then 50% of deferrals on 3% to 5% of compensation)
$8,300 yearly family max contribution to HSA (2024 completed)
$20,204.12 estimated for 2024 Self Employed 401(k) but no future deferrals as my self-employed income will dramatically decrease if not cease altogether.
$7,000 per year for my Roth IRA via backdoor ROTH (2024 completed)
$7,000 per year for my wife's Roth IRA via backdoor ROTH (2024 completed)
$8,000 per year towards Ohio 529 (contributions total $4,000 per child by end of year, max Ohio deduction)
$12,000 per year towards Vanguard taxable account
$7,896 per year additional payment towards mortgage principal.
Available Funds
Funds available in my wife's current employer 401(k) held at The Standard:
Putnam Stable Value 25
Federated Herm Infl Protctd IS
Fidelity US Bond Index <--Current Selection
Western Asset Core Plus Bd I
Pioneer Strategic Income Y
Janus Henderson Dev Wld Bd I
State St Real Asset NL CIT C
JPMorgan Equity Income R4
Fidelity 500 Index
JPMorgan Large Cap Growth
Large Cap Growth CIT R1
Mid Cap Value CIT R1
Fidelity Mid Cap Index
MFS Mid Cap Growth
PIMCO CommodPLUS Strgy Instl
Small Cap Value II CIT R1
Fidelity Small Cap Index
JHancock Small Cap Core R6
MassMutual SmCap Grwth Eq R5
MFS Intl Diversification R3
iShares MSCI EAFE Intl Idx Ins <-- Current Selection
T.Rowe Price Intl Discovery
Lord Abbett High Yield R6
American Century Emrg Mkt R6
Cohen & Steers RE Securities A
Funds available in my wife's previous employer 401(k) held at Fidelity:
BTC EQUITY INDEX J (<-- Current Selection)
FID BLUE CHIP GR K6
LARGE CP VALUE I1
VANG FTSE SOC IDX IS
BTC EXTENDED MKTS K
SMALL CAP GR II I1
BR EAFE EQUITY IDX R
EMERGING MKTS II I1
GG EUROPAC GROWTH I1
SMALL CAP VAL II I1
FLEXPATH AGR 2025 M
FLEXPATH AGR 2035 M
FLEXPATH AGR 2045 M
FLEXPATH AGR 2055 M
FLEXPATH AGR 2065 M
FLEXPATH AGR RET M
FLEXPATH CON 2025 M
FLEXPATH CON 2035 M
FLEXPATH CON 2045 M
FLEXPATH CON 2055 M
FLEXPATH CON 2065 M
FLEXPATH CON RET M
FLEXPATH MOD 2025 M
FLEXPATH MOD 2035 M
FLEXPATH MOD 2045 M
FLEXPATH MOD 2055 M
FLEXPATH MOD 2065 M
FLEXPATH MOD RET M
STABLE VALUE FUND I1
BNYM GLB FX INC I
FID US BOND IDX (<-- Current Selection)
PRU CORE PLUS BD 15
VANG VMMR-FED MMKT
OPERS OPTIONS:
Traditional Pension Plan
"The Traditional Pension Plan is a defined benefit plan that provides fixed, monthly lifetime retirement benefits. OPERS manages the investment of both your member and employer contributions. Your benefit is determined by a formula that rewards you for working longer – the more years you work, the bigger your monthly payment."
For unreduced benefits it seems that I will have to wait until age 67, which would include Eligibility for the Health Reimbursement Arrangement (HRA) under the current offers - but this benefit could be removed in the future as it is not a guaranteed benefits. I would qualify for reduced benefits at age 62.
Member-directed Plan
"The Member-Directed Plan is a defined contribution plan where you direct how your contributions are invested choosing from one (or more) of the OPERS investment options. You bear sole responsibility for the investment risk, similar to the way a 401(k) plan works in the private sector. Your benefit is based on your final vested account balance at retirement. You have a number of distribution options when you retire including taking a monthly lifetime annuity, a lump sum refund, or rolling over your balance to another account."
Investment fund options include:
(Target Date Funds)
BlackRock® LifePath® Index Retirement Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2025 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2030 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2035 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2040 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2045 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2050 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2055 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2060 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2065 Fund
(Passively Managed Standalone Funds)
BlackRock® US Debt Index Fund
BlackRock® Russell 1000® Index Fund
BlackRock® Russell 2000® Index Fund
BlackRock® Russell 3000® Index Fund
BlackRock® MSCI ACWI exUS Index Fund
(Actively Managed Standalone Funds)
Invesco Stable Value Trust
JP Morgan Core Bond Fund
Fisher Investments US Total Return
T. Rowe Price Integrated U.S. Small-Mid Cap Core Equity Fund
Lazard ACW Ex-US Equity Advantage
(Self-Directed Brokerage Account)
"Members in the Member-Directed Plan with an established account have the option to choose a Self-Directed Brokerage Account, through Charles Schwab's Personal Choice Retirement Account®. This account provides members with the ability to choose mutual funds and unlevered, long-only Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) outside of the core OPERS investment options. In order to participate in the OPERS Self-Directed Brokerage Account, the following requirements must be met:
You must be an OPERS Member-Directed or Combined plan participant.
Your individual account balance must be a minimum of $5,000 before the self-directed brokerage account can be established.
A maximum of 90 percent of your individual account balance can be invested in the self-directed brokerage account."
Here is a fairly detailed comparison of the two plan offerings: https://hr.osu.edu/benefits/retirement/active/opers/
OHIO DEFERRED COMPENSATION (457(B)) OPTIONS:
Pre-tax or ROTH option is available. I don't believe I receive any employer match benefits (regardless if I chose traditional or ROTH).
(LifePath Portfolios (BlackRock))
LifePath Retirement
LifePath 2025
LifePath 2030
LifePath 2035
LifePath 2040
LifePath 2045
LifePath 2050
LifePath 2055
LifePath 2060
(Non-US Stock)
Non-US Company Stock (Vanguard, Schroders, Arrowstreet)
Non-US Company Stock Index (State Street)
(Small Company/Mid Company Stock)
US Small Growth Company Stock (Westfield, Fiera)
US Small Value Company Stock (Westwood)
US Small/Mid Company Stock Index (State Street)
Vanguard Capital Opportunity (VHCAX)
(Large Company Stock)
Fidelity Growth Company Commingled Pool
Fidelity Contrafund Commingled Pool
US Large Growth Company Stock (T. Rowe Price)
US Large Value Company Stock (Dodge & Cox)
US Large Company Stock Index (State Street)
(Bonds)
US Bond (TCW)
US Bond Index (State Street)
(Stable Value)
Stable Value Option (Multiple Managers)
"Ohio DC charges an annual fee of 0.0014 or 0.14% to cover administrative costs. A portion of the 0.14% annual fee is deducted each quarter. Administrative fees are waived for individuals with less than $5,000 in their accounts to help get their savings started. Fees are also capped at $55 each quarter, per participant, regardless of the total balance across all accounts. This can be a substantial benefit to participants with high balance accounts."
I am planning to maximize annual deferrals into whatever is the best options for the 457(b) which for 2024 was $23,000. I wont' have enough time with the remainder of 2024 to achieve this but it should be achievable in 2025.
QUESTIONS/CONSIDERATIONS:
1. From what I can tell, the right choice may come down to how long I plan to work for the State of Ohio. This is a hard question to answer... Given my history of work employment, I'd say it is more likely than not that I won't be working for the State come retirement age - but it is possible (the benefits are excellent and stress load is manageable). The faster vesting schedule with the Member-Directed Plan is attractive but I lose almost half of the State's contribution to costs/fees (of the 14% contribution: 4.00% to retiree medical account; 2.24% to mitigating rate; 0.26% administrative fee of the State's contribution to) which is quite unappealing. The traditional plan takes 5 years to earn 33% vesting, 10 years for 67% vesting, and never for 100%.
2. I would be inclined to go with one of the Index options for the the Traditional 457(b) plan. These include Non-US Company Stock Index (State Street) ER: 0.05%; US Small/Mid Company Stock Index (State Street) ER 0.02%; US Large Company Stock Index (State Street) ER 0.01%; or US Bond Index (State Street) ER 0.02%. Wherever I land here, I can balance in outside investment accounts to keep AA in-line.
3. Should the ROTH 457(b) be considered for any reason? We are fairly solidly in the 24% bracket and even with my additional income I don't see us breaking into the 32% bracket (which would clearly favor Traditional 457(b)) given our usual yearly deductions.
Perhaps there is an easy answer here given our portfolio and other options? Any input or experience from others that have made these decisions would be greatly appreciated.
Ohio Public Employees Retirement System (OPERS) offers two retirement options for new employees: traditional pension and member-directed. Additionally, there is an optional Deferred Compensation program (457(b)).
I am looking for some advice on which path to take and how to adjust our current portfolio to include both of these new benefits while maintaining our desired asset allocation. To help facilitate input, I have included a current snapshot of our portfolio and a summary of OPERS and Deferred Comp options below. This post is will fairly long as a result but I wanted to be thorough and provide enough detail to help make educated decisions.
CURRENT PORTFOLIO:
Emergency funds: 1/3 of emergency fund is in SoFi savings account (currently paying 4.5% interest). Remaining 2/3 of emergency fund is in a three rung T Bill ladder housed in our Fidelity joint brokerage account.
Debt: Mortgage debt of $434,405.49 with 4.875% Rate on 30-year fixed. (Paying an additional $658/month towards the principal.)
Tax Filing Status: Married Filing Jointly
Tax Rate: 24% Federal, 3.990% State
State of Residence: Ohio
Age: me, 39. My wife, 40.
Desired Asset Allocation: 90% stocks / 10% bonds
Desired International allocation: 18.0% of stocks
Total portfolio: $401,708.85 that includes current investments. This figure does not include emergency fund composed of cash ($20k) + T-Bill ladder ($40k), Ohio 529 for two children ($29,471.27), cash held in LLC checking account (an estimated $20,204.12 earmarked for 2024 Solo 401(k) deferral), earmarked T-bill for 2025 HSA/IRA contributions ($25k), and any extra cash not specifically allocated in savings ($10,695.12), checking($10,701.85), or brokerage sweep accounts ($1,096.83).
Current retirement Assets
-Fidelity ROTH IRA for myself: $70,715.91 in Fidelity ZERO International Index Fund, ER 0% (17.6%).
-Fidelity TIRA for myself: $0, 0%. Used for backdoor ROTH.
-Fidelity Self-Employed 401(k) for my company (single member LLC): $20,657.04 in Fidelity Total Market Index Fund, ER .015% (5.14%).
-Fidelity ROTH IRA for my wife: $22,739.60 in Fidelity ZERO International Index Fund, ER 0% (5.66%).
-Fidelity TIRA for my wife: $0, 0%. Used for backdoor ROTH.
-Wife's previous employer 401(k) held at Fidelity: $137,928.09 in BlackRock Equity Index Fund J Class, ER 0.01% (34.34%) and $9,332.89 in Fidelity U.S. Bond Index Fund, ER 0.025% (2%). (Note: there are no fees with keeping this 401(k) at Fidelity which is why we have elected to keep it there rather than roll it over into a current employer 401(k).)
-Wife's current employer 401(k) held at The Standard: $79,722.05 in iShares MSCI EAFE International Index Fund Institutional Shares (MAIIX), ER 0.09% + 0.41% The Standard AUM Fee (20.0%) and $32,205.52 in Fidelity U.S. Bond Index Fund (FXNAX), ER 0.025% + 0.41% The Standard AUM Fee (8.02%)
-Fidelity HSA: $13,612.6 in Fidelity ZERO® Total Market Index Fund, ER 0.00% (3.39%). $10,000 in cash in Fidelity Government Cash Reserves; not factored as a percentage in investment allocation.
-Vanguard Brokerage Taxable Account: $14,795.15 in Vanguard Large Cap Index Admiral Shares, ER 0.05% (3.68%). This fund was chosen to accommodate TLH should the need arise in the future.
-Ohio 529: Two accounts which total $29,471.27 invested in an two Vanguard Ohio Target Date Funds. Kids are ages 9 and 7. These funds are not factored as a percentage in investment allocation.
Annual Contributions
$23,000 per year towards my wife's 401k (100% of deferrals up to 3% of compensation and then 50% of deferrals on 3% to 5% of compensation)
$8,300 yearly family max contribution to HSA (2024 completed)
$20,204.12 estimated for 2024 Self Employed 401(k) but no future deferrals as my self-employed income will dramatically decrease if not cease altogether.
$7,000 per year for my Roth IRA via backdoor ROTH (2024 completed)
$7,000 per year for my wife's Roth IRA via backdoor ROTH (2024 completed)
$8,000 per year towards Ohio 529 (contributions total $4,000 per child by end of year, max Ohio deduction)
$12,000 per year towards Vanguard taxable account
$7,896 per year additional payment towards mortgage principal.
Available Funds
Funds available in my wife's current employer 401(k) held at The Standard:
Putnam Stable Value 25
Federated Herm Infl Protctd IS
Fidelity US Bond Index <--Current Selection
Western Asset Core Plus Bd I
Pioneer Strategic Income Y
Janus Henderson Dev Wld Bd I
State St Real Asset NL CIT C
JPMorgan Equity Income R4
Fidelity 500 Index
JPMorgan Large Cap Growth
Large Cap Growth CIT R1
Mid Cap Value CIT R1
Fidelity Mid Cap Index
MFS Mid Cap Growth
PIMCO CommodPLUS Strgy Instl
Small Cap Value II CIT R1
Fidelity Small Cap Index
JHancock Small Cap Core R6
MassMutual SmCap Grwth Eq R5
MFS Intl Diversification R3
iShares MSCI EAFE Intl Idx Ins <-- Current Selection
T.Rowe Price Intl Discovery
Lord Abbett High Yield R6
American Century Emrg Mkt R6
Cohen & Steers RE Securities A
Funds available in my wife's previous employer 401(k) held at Fidelity:
BTC EQUITY INDEX J (<-- Current Selection)
FID BLUE CHIP GR K6
LARGE CP VALUE I1
VANG FTSE SOC IDX IS
BTC EXTENDED MKTS K
SMALL CAP GR II I1
BR EAFE EQUITY IDX R
EMERGING MKTS II I1
GG EUROPAC GROWTH I1
SMALL CAP VAL II I1
FLEXPATH AGR 2025 M
FLEXPATH AGR 2035 M
FLEXPATH AGR 2045 M
FLEXPATH AGR 2055 M
FLEXPATH AGR 2065 M
FLEXPATH AGR RET M
FLEXPATH CON 2025 M
FLEXPATH CON 2035 M
FLEXPATH CON 2045 M
FLEXPATH CON 2055 M
FLEXPATH CON 2065 M
FLEXPATH CON RET M
FLEXPATH MOD 2025 M
FLEXPATH MOD 2035 M
FLEXPATH MOD 2045 M
FLEXPATH MOD 2055 M
FLEXPATH MOD 2065 M
FLEXPATH MOD RET M
STABLE VALUE FUND I1
BNYM GLB FX INC I
FID US BOND IDX (<-- Current Selection)
PRU CORE PLUS BD 15
VANG VMMR-FED MMKT
OPERS OPTIONS:
Traditional Pension Plan
"The Traditional Pension Plan is a defined benefit plan that provides fixed, monthly lifetime retirement benefits. OPERS manages the investment of both your member and employer contributions. Your benefit is determined by a formula that rewards you for working longer – the more years you work, the bigger your monthly payment."
For unreduced benefits it seems that I will have to wait until age 67, which would include Eligibility for the Health Reimbursement Arrangement (HRA) under the current offers - but this benefit could be removed in the future as it is not a guaranteed benefits. I would qualify for reduced benefits at age 62.
Member-directed Plan
"The Member-Directed Plan is a defined contribution plan where you direct how your contributions are invested choosing from one (or more) of the OPERS investment options. You bear sole responsibility for the investment risk, similar to the way a 401(k) plan works in the private sector. Your benefit is based on your final vested account balance at retirement. You have a number of distribution options when you retire including taking a monthly lifetime annuity, a lump sum refund, or rolling over your balance to another account."
Investment fund options include:
(Target Date Funds)
BlackRock® LifePath® Index Retirement Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2025 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2030 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2035 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2040 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2045 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2050 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2055 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2060 Fund
BlackRock® LifePath® 2065 Fund
(Passively Managed Standalone Funds)
BlackRock® US Debt Index Fund
BlackRock® Russell 1000® Index Fund
BlackRock® Russell 2000® Index Fund
BlackRock® Russell 3000® Index Fund
BlackRock® MSCI ACWI exUS Index Fund
(Actively Managed Standalone Funds)
Invesco Stable Value Trust
JP Morgan Core Bond Fund
Fisher Investments US Total Return
T. Rowe Price Integrated U.S. Small-Mid Cap Core Equity Fund
Lazard ACW Ex-US Equity Advantage
(Self-Directed Brokerage Account)
"Members in the Member-Directed Plan with an established account have the option to choose a Self-Directed Brokerage Account, through Charles Schwab's Personal Choice Retirement Account®. This account provides members with the ability to choose mutual funds and unlevered, long-only Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) outside of the core OPERS investment options. In order to participate in the OPERS Self-Directed Brokerage Account, the following requirements must be met:
You must be an OPERS Member-Directed or Combined plan participant.
Your individual account balance must be a minimum of $5,000 before the self-directed brokerage account can be established.
A maximum of 90 percent of your individual account balance can be invested in the self-directed brokerage account."
Here is a fairly detailed comparison of the two plan offerings: https://hr.osu.edu/benefits/retirement/active/opers/
OHIO DEFERRED COMPENSATION (457(B)) OPTIONS:
Pre-tax or ROTH option is available. I don't believe I receive any employer match benefits (regardless if I chose traditional or ROTH).
(LifePath Portfolios (BlackRock))
LifePath Retirement
LifePath 2025
LifePath 2030
LifePath 2035
LifePath 2040
LifePath 2045
LifePath 2050
LifePath 2055
LifePath 2060
(Non-US Stock)
Non-US Company Stock (Vanguard, Schroders, Arrowstreet)
Non-US Company Stock Index (State Street)
(Small Company/Mid Company Stock)
US Small Growth Company Stock (Westfield, Fiera)
US Small Value Company Stock (Westwood)
US Small/Mid Company Stock Index (State Street)
Vanguard Capital Opportunity (VHCAX)
(Large Company Stock)
Fidelity Growth Company Commingled Pool
Fidelity Contrafund Commingled Pool
US Large Growth Company Stock (T. Rowe Price)
US Large Value Company Stock (Dodge & Cox)
US Large Company Stock Index (State Street)
(Bonds)
US Bond (TCW)
US Bond Index (State Street)
(Stable Value)
Stable Value Option (Multiple Managers)
"Ohio DC charges an annual fee of 0.0014 or 0.14% to cover administrative costs. A portion of the 0.14% annual fee is deducted each quarter. Administrative fees are waived for individuals with less than $5,000 in their accounts to help get their savings started. Fees are also capped at $55 each quarter, per participant, regardless of the total balance across all accounts. This can be a substantial benefit to participants with high balance accounts."
I am planning to maximize annual deferrals into whatever is the best options for the 457(b) which for 2024 was $23,000. I wont' have enough time with the remainder of 2024 to achieve this but it should be achievable in 2025.
QUESTIONS/CONSIDERATIONS:
1. From what I can tell, the right choice may come down to how long I plan to work for the State of Ohio. This is a hard question to answer... Given my history of work employment, I'd say it is more likely than not that I won't be working for the State come retirement age - but it is possible (the benefits are excellent and stress load is manageable). The faster vesting schedule with the Member-Directed Plan is attractive but I lose almost half of the State's contribution to costs/fees (of the 14% contribution: 4.00% to retiree medical account; 2.24% to mitigating rate; 0.26% administrative fee of the State's contribution to) which is quite unappealing. The traditional plan takes 5 years to earn 33% vesting, 10 years for 67% vesting, and never for 100%.
2. I would be inclined to go with one of the Index options for the the Traditional 457(b) plan. These include Non-US Company Stock Index (State Street) ER: 0.05%; US Small/Mid Company Stock Index (State Street) ER 0.02%; US Large Company Stock Index (State Street) ER 0.01%; or US Bond Index (State Street) ER 0.02%. Wherever I land here, I can balance in outside investment accounts to keep AA in-line.
3. Should the ROTH 457(b) be considered for any reason? We are fairly solidly in the 24% bracket and even with my additional income I don't see us breaking into the 32% bracket (which would clearly favor Traditional 457(b)) given our usual yearly deductions.
Perhaps there is an easy answer here given our portfolio and other options? Any input or experience from others that have made these decisions would be greatly appreciated.
Statistics: Posted by BuckeyeAaron — Sat Sep 21, 2024 1:40 pm — Replies 0 — Views 63